Protein Cartographer

For the first time in 20 years, a new way to discover and identify proteins within cells as been found. The general idea behind this research is called two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy. Although this is more of an imaging technique, scientists have determined a way to track and identify proteins. An ultra short (femtosecond scale) burst of infrared light hits the target protein, causing it to vibrate ever so slightly. The scientists then track that vibration, essentially making a map of the energy flow.

The current methods for identifying and counting proteins include mass spectrometry and using antibodies. However, these methods are not sensitive enough and in order to further understand our biological systems, and sensitive proteomic measuring equipment is necessary. This is where two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy comes into play. This method is very sensitive in regards to its measurements, and allows for protein count, identification, size, and intracellular transport patterns.

Being able to identify and measure protein abundance is beyond important in understanding how a plethora of diseases work. Cancer, for example, can cause certain proteins to become more prevalent in the body. By identifying said proteins, we increase our chances of finding a better treatment for a cancer, or even a cure.

This study is taking place at Imperial College London, by a group called Single Cell Proteomics. This group was founded in 2006 with a 5 million pound grant. This project will run for five and a half years, its primary focus to develop better and faster measurement methods in order to clearly identify proteins.

Source: http://www.proteomicssurf.com/proteomic_technologies/21052.html