The Avery Breathing Pacemaker

The breathing pacemaker is a device that consists of surgically implanted receivers, electrodes, and an external transmitter with antennas worn directly over the receivers. The transmitter and antennas send radio waves to the implanted receivers, which then convert the radio waves into simulating pulses. The pulses then are relayed down the electrodes to the phrenic nerves, causing the diaphragm to contract. The contraction of the diaphragm causes inhalation of air. When the pulses cease, the diaphragm relaxes and exhalation occurs. Repetition of this produces a normal breathing pattern. A breathing pacemaker is capable of providing ventilatory support for patients with chronic respiratory insuffiency whose major breathing mechanisms have residual function. Generally, these are patients with high spinal cord injuries, central sleep apnea, central neurological disorders, or a paralyzed diaphragm. I found this device intriguing, because it offers hope of a more normal life to individuals who once relied solely on a mechanical ventilator. Also, the design of this pacemaker allows for superior respiratory function over mechanical ventilators, because it draws air into the lungs under negative pressure(the normal method), rather than having air forced into the chest under positive pressure. The breathing pace maker is a relatively simple approach to a serious problem, and is capable of drastically improving the life of those who need it.
http://www.averylabs.com/breathing-pacemakers/introduction.html